LFS 11.2 初次尝试
LFS 11.2 初次尝试
安装必要软件
apt install build-essential bison gawk texinfo
sudo dpkg-reconfigure dash
# 然后选择NO
为了确定您的宿主系统拥有每个软件的合适版本，且能够编译程序，请运行下列脚本。
cat > version-check.sh << "EOF"
#!/bin/bash
# Simple script to list version numbers of critical development tools
export LC_ALL=C
bash --version | head -n1 | cut -d" " -f2-4
MYSH=$(readlink -f /bin/sh)
echo "/bin/sh -> $MYSH"
echo $MYSH | grep -q bash || echo "ERROR: /bin/sh does not point to bash"
unset MYSH
echo -n "Binutils: "; ld --version | head -n1 | cut -d" " -f3-
bison --version | head -n1
if [ -h /usr/bin/yacc ]; then
echo "/usr/bin/yacc -> `readlink -f /usr/bin/yacc`";
elif [ -x /usr/bin/yacc ]; then
echo yacc is `/usr/bin/yacc --version | head -n1`
else
echo "yacc not found"
fi
echo -n "Coreutils: "; chown --version | head -n1 | cut -d")" -f2
diff --version | head -n1
find --version | head -n1
gawk --version | head -n1
if [ -h /usr/bin/awk ]; then
echo "/usr/bin/awk -> `readlink -f /usr/bin/awk`";
elif [ -x /usr/bin/awk ]; then
echo awk is `/usr/bin/awk --version | head -n1`
else
echo "awk not found"
fi
gcc --version | head -n1
g++ --version | head -n1
grep --version | head -n1
gzip --version | head -n1
cat /proc/version
m4 --version | head -n1
make --version | head -n1
patch --version | head -n1
echo Perl `perl -V:version`
python3 --version
sed --version | head -n1
tar --version | head -n1
makeinfo --version | head -n1 # texinfo version
xz --version | head -n1
echo 'int main(){}' > dummy.c && g++ -o dummy dummy.c
if [ -x dummy ]
then echo "g++ compilation OK";
else echo "g++ compilation failed"; fi
rm -f dummy.c dummy
EOF
bash version-check.sh
格式化分区
mkfs -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb3
挂载分区
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
mkdir -pv $LFS
mount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb3 $LFS
echo $LFS
创建文件夹
mkdir -v $LFS/sources
# 下面为该目录添加写入权限和 sticky 标志。“Sticky” 标志使得即使有多个用户对该目录有写入权限，也只有文件所有者能够删除其中的文件。输入以下命令，启用写入权限和 sticky 标志
chmod -v a+wt $LFS/sources
下载文件
wget https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/11.1/wget-list
wget -e https_proxy=http://192.168.1.188:7890 -e http_proxy=http://192.168.1.188:7890 --input-file=wget-list --continue --directory-prefix=$LFS/sources
wget https://mirror.fileplanet.com/lfs/pub/lfs/lfs-packages/11.1/zlib-1.2.11.tar.xz --directory-prefix=$LFS/sources
rm wget-list
pushd $LFS/sources
wget https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/11.1/md5sums
md5sum -c md5sums
rm -f md5sum
popd
以 root 身份，执行以下命令创建所需的目录布局
mkdir -pv $LFS/{etc,var} $LFS/usr/{bin,lib,sbin}
for i in bin lib sbin; do
ln -sv usr/$i $LFS/$i
done
case $(uname -m) in
x86_64) mkdir -pv $LFS/lib64 ;;
esac
# 创建 交叉编译器编译程序 目录
mkdir -pv $LFS/tools
创建一个名为 lfs 的新用户
groupadd lfs
useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs
passwd lfs
# 将 lfs 设为 $LFS 中所有目录的所有者，使 lfs 对它们拥有完全访问权
chown -v lfs $LFS/{usr{,/*},lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools}
case $(uname -m) in
x86_64) chown -v lfs $LFS/lib64 ;;
esac
chown -v lfs $LFS/sources
# 切换用户
su - lfs
为 bash 创建两个新的启动脚本 以 lfs 的身份，执行以下命令
cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash
EOF
[ ! -e /etc/bash.bashrc ] || mv -v /etc/bash.bashrc /etc/bash.bashrc.NOUSE
cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"
set +h
umask 022
LFS=/mnt/lfs
LC_ALL=POSIX
LFS_TGT=$(uname -m)-lfs-linux-gnu
PATH=/usr/bin
if [ ! -L /bin ]; then PATH=/bin:$PATH; fi
PATH=$LFS/tools/bin:$PATH
CONFIG_SITE=$LFS/usr/share/config.site
export LFS LC_ALL LFS_TGT PATH CONFIG_SITE
EOF
source ~/.bash_profile
export MAKEFLAGS=-j$(nproc)
确认 LFS 环境变量是否配置正确
su - lfs
echo $LFS
export MAKEFLAGS=-j$(nproc)
编译交叉工具链
安装交叉工具链中的 Binutils
export MAKEFLAGS=-j$(nproc)
cd $LFS/sources
tar -xf binutils-2.38.tar.xz
cd binutils-2.38
mkdir -v build
cd build
../configure --prefix=$LFS/tools \
--with-sysroot=$LFS \
--target=$LFS_TGT \
--disable-nls \
--disable-werror
make
make install
cd ../..
rm -rf binutils-2.38
安装交叉工具链中的 GCC
cd $LFS/sources
tar -xf gcc-11.2.0.tar.xz
cd gcc-11.2.0
# GCC 依赖于 GMP、MPFR 和 MPC 这三个包 将它们都解压到 GCC 源码目录中，并重命名解压出的目录，这样 GCC 构建过程就能自动使用它们
tar -xf ../mpfr-4.1.0.tar.xz
mv -v mpfr-4.1.0 mpfr
tar -xf ../gmp-6.2.1.tar.xz
mv -v gmp-6.2.1 gmp
tar -xf ../mpc-1.2.1.tar.gz
mv -v mpc-1.2.1 mpc
# 设置存放 64 位库的默认目录为 "lib"
case $(uname -m) in
x86_64)
sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' \
-i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64
;;
esac
mkdir -v build
cd build
../configure \
--target=$LFS_TGT \
--prefix=$LFS/tools \
--with-glibc-version=2.35 \
--with-sysroot=$LFS \
--with-newlib \
--without-headers \
--enable-initfini-array \
--disable-nls \
--disable-shared \
--disable-multilib \
--disable-decimal-float \
--disable-threads \
--disable-libatomic \
--disable-libgomp \
--disable-libquadmath \
--disable-libssp \
--disable-libvtv \
--disable-libstdcxx \
--enable-languages=c,c++
make
make install
cd ..
# 创建 limits.h
cat gcc/limitx.h gcc/glimits.h gcc/limity.h > \
`dirname $($LFS_TGT-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)`/install-tools/include/limits.h
cd ..
rm -rf gcc-11.2.0
安装 Linux API 头文件
tar -xf linux-5.16.9.tar.xz
cd linux-5.16.9
# 确保软件包中没有遗留陈旧的文件
make mrproper # 应该无输出
make headers
find usr/include -name '.*' -delete
rm usr/include/Makefile
cp -rv usr/include $LFS/usr
cd ..
rm -rf linux-5.16.9
安装 Glibc
tar -xf glibc-2.35.tar.xz
cd glibc-2.35
# 创建一个 LSB 兼容性符号链接 对于 x86_64，创建一个动态链接器正常工作所必须的符号链接
case $(uname -m) in
i?86) ln -sfv ld-linux.so.2 $LFS/lib/ld-lsb.so.3
;;
x86_64) ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 $LFS/lib64
ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 $LFS/lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3
;;
esac
# 应用补丁，使得与 FHS 不兼容的 程序在 FHS 兼容的位置存放运行时数据
patch -Np1 -i ../glibc-2.35-fhs-1.patch
mkdir -v build
cd build
# 确保将 ldconfig 和 sln 工具安装到 /usr/sbin 目录中
echo "rootsbindir=/usr/sbin" > configparms
../configure \
--prefix=/usr \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--build=$(../scripts/config.guess) \
--enable-kernel=3.2 \
--with-headers=$LFS/usr/include \
libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
# 改正 ldd 脚本中硬编码的可执行文件加载器路径
sed '/RTLDLIST=/s@/usr@@g' -i $LFS/usr/bin/ldd
# 确认新工具链的各基本功能
echo 'int main(){}' > dummy.c
$LFS_TGT-gcc dummy.c
readelf -l a.out | grep '/ld-linux'
# 如果一切正常，那么应该没有错误消息，而且最后一行命令应该输出下列格式的内容
# [Requesting program interpreter: /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]
rm -v dummy.c a.out
# 安装 limits.h 头文件
$LFS/tools/libexec/gcc/$LFS_TGT/11.2.0/install-tools/mkheaders
cd ../..
rm -rf glibc-2.35
安装 Libstdc++
tar -xf gcc-11.2.0.tar.xz
cd gcc-11.2.0
mkdir -v build
cd build
../libstdc++-v3/configure \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--build=$(../config.guess) \
--prefix=/usr \
--disable-multilib \
--disable-nls \
--disable-libstdcxx-pch \
--with-gxx-include-dir=/tools/$LFS_TGT/include/c++/11.2.0
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
cd ../..
rm -rf gcc-11.2.0
交叉编译临时工具
确认 LFS 环境变量是否配置正确
su - lfs
echo $LFS
export MAKEFLAGS=-j$(nproc)
安装 M4
tar -xf m4-1.4.19.tar.xz
cd m4-1.4.19
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--build=$(build-aux/config.guess)
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
cd ..
rm -rf m4-1.4.19
安装 Ncurses
tar -xf ncurses-6.3.tar.gz
cd ncurses-6.3
# 保证在配置时优先查找 gawk 命令
sed -i s/mawk// configure
# 在宿主系统构建"tic"程序
mkdir build
pushd build
../configure
make -C include
make -C progs tic
popd
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--build=$(./config.guess) \
--mandir=/usr/share/man \
--with-manpage-format=normal \
--with-shared \
--without-debug \
--without-ada \
--without-normal \
--disable-stripping \
--enable-widec
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS TIC_PATH=$(pwd)/build/progs/tic install
echo "INPUT(-lncursesw)" > $LFS/usr/lib/libncurses.so
cd ..
rm -rf ncurses-6.3
安装 Bash
tar -xf bash-5.1.16.tar.gz
pushd bash-5.1.16
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--build=$(support/config.guess) \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--without-bash-malloc
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
# 为那些使用 sh 命令运行 shell 的程序考虑
ln -sv bash $LFS/bin/sh
popd
rm -rf bash-5.1.16
安装 Coreutils
tar -xf coreutils-9.0.tar.xz
pushd coreutils-9.0
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--build=$(build-aux/config.guess) \
--enable-install-program=hostname \
--enable-no-install-program=kill,uptime
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
# 将程序移动到它们最终安装时的正确位置
mv -v $LFS/usr/bin/chroot $LFS/usr/sbin
mkdir -pv $LFS/usr/share/man/man8
mv -v $LFS/usr/share/man/man1/chroot.1 $LFS/usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8
sed -i 's/"1"/"8"/' $LFS/usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8
popd
rm -rf coreutils-9.0
安装 Diffutils
tar -xf diffutils-3.8.tar.xz
pushd diffutils-3.8
./configure --prefix=/usr --host=$LFS_TGT
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
popd
rm -rf diffutils-3.8
安装 File
tar -xf file-5.41.tar.gz
pushd file-5.41
# 为宿主系统构建 (宿主系统 file 命令的版本必须和正在构建的软件包相同，才能在构建过程中创建必要的签名数据文件)
mkdir build
pushd build
../configure --disable-bzlib \
--disable-libseccomp \
--disable-xzlib \
--disable-zlib
make
popd
./configure --prefix=/usr --host=$LFS_TGT --build=$(./config.guess)
make FILE_COMPILE=$(pwd)/build/src/file
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
popd
rm -rf file-5.41
安装 Findutils
tar -xf findutils-4.9.0.tar.xz
pushd findutils-4.9.0
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--localstatedir=/var/lib/locate \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--build=$(build-aux/config.guess)
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
popd
rm -rf findutils-4.9.0
安装 Gawk
tar -xf gawk-5.1.1.tar.xz
pushd gawk-5.1.1
# 确保不要安装一些没有必要的文件
sed -i 's/extras//' Makefile.in
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--build=$(build-aux/config.guess)
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
popd
rm -rf gawk-5.1.1
安装 Grep
tar -xf grep-3.7.tar.xz
pushd grep-3.7
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--host=$LFS_TGT
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
popd
rm -rf grep-3.7
安装 Gzip
tar -xf gzip-1.11.tar.xz
pushd gzip-1.11
./configure --prefix=/usr --host=$LFS_TGT
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
popd
rm -rf gzip-1.11
安装 Make
tar -xf make-4.3.tar.gz
pushd make-4.3
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--without-guile \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--build=$(build-aux/config.guess)
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
popd
rm -rf make-4.3
安装 Patch
tar -xf patch-2.7.6.tar.xz
pushd patch-2.7.6
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--build=$(build-aux/config.guess)
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
popd
rm -rf patch-2.7.6
安装 Sed
tar -xf sed-4.8.tar.xz
pushd sed-4.8
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--host=$LFS_TGT
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
popd
rm -rf sed-4.8
安装 Tar
tar -xf tar-1.34.tar.xz
pushd tar-1.34
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--build=$(build-aux/config.guess)
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
popd
rm -rf tar-1.34
安装 Xz
tar -xf xz-5.2.5.tar.xz
pushd xz-5.2.5
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--build=$(build-aux/config.guess) \
--disable-static \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/xz-5.2.5
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
popd
rm -rf xz-5.2.5
安装 Binutils
tar -xf binutils-2.38.tar.xz
pushd binutils-2.38
sed '6009s/$add_dir//' -i ltmain.sh
mkdir -v build
pushd build
../configure \
--prefix=/usr \
--build=$(../config.guess) \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--disable-nls \
--enable-shared \
--disable-werror \
--enable-64-bit-bfd
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
popd
popd
rm -rf binutils-2.38
安装 GCC
tar -xf gcc-11.2.0.tar.xz
cd gcc-11.2.0
tar -xf ../mpfr-4.1.0.tar.xz
mv -v mpfr-4.1.0 mpfr
tar -xf ../gmp-6.2.1.tar.xz
mv -v gmp-6.2.1 gmp
tar -xf ../mpc-1.2.1.tar.gz
mv -v mpc-1.2.1 mpc
# 修改 64 位库文件的默认目录名为 "lib"
case $(uname -m) in
x86_64)
sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64
;;
esac
mkdir -v build
cd build
# 允许 libgcc 在构建时启用 POSIX 线程支持
mkdir -pv $LFS_TGT/libgcc
ln -s ../../../libgcc/gthr-posix.h $LFS_TGT/libgcc/gthr-default.h
# 清除所有覆盖默认优化开关的环境变量
exec env --ignore-environment /bin/bash
../configure \
--build=$(../config.guess) \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--prefix=/usr \
CC_FOR_TARGET=$LFS_TGT-gcc \
--with-build-sysroot=$LFS \
--enable-initfini-array \
--disable-nls \
--disable-multilib \
--disable-decimal-float \
--disable-libatomic \
--disable-libgomp \
--disable-libquadmath \
--disable-libssp \
--disable-libvtv \
--disable-libstdcxx \
--enable-languages=c,c++
export MAKEFLAGS=-j$(nproc)
make
make DESTDIR=$LFS install
# 创建 cc 符号链接
ln -sv gcc $LFS/usr/bin/cc
cd ../..
rm -rf gcc-11.2.0
exit
恢复 root 权限
exit
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
chown -R root:root $LFS/{usr,lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,tools}
case $(uname -m) in
x86_64) chown -R root:root $LFS/lib64 ;;
esac
准备虚拟内核文件系统
# 创建挂载点
mkdir -pv $LFS/{dev,proc,sys,run}
# 创建初始设备节点
mknod -m 600 $LFS/dev/console c 5 1
mknod -m 666 $LFS/dev/null c 1 3
# 挂载和填充 /dev
mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev
# 挂载虚拟内核文件系统
mount -v --bind /dev/pts $LFS/dev/pts
mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
mount -vt tmpfs tmpfs $LFS/run
# 在某些宿主系统上，/dev/shm 是一个指向 /run/shm 的符号链接
if [ -h $LFS/dev/shm ]; then
mkdir -pv $LFS/$(readlink $LFS/dev/shm)
fi
进入 chroot
chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root \
TERM="$TERM" \
PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \
/bin/bash --login
创建目录
mkdir -pv /{boot,home,mnt,opt,srv}
mkdir -pv /etc/{opt,sysconfig}
mkdir -pv /lib/firmware
mkdir -pv /media/{floppy,cdrom}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{include,src}
mkdir -pv /usr/local/{bin,lib,sbin}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{color,dict,doc,info,locale,man}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8}
mkdir -pv /var/{cache,local,log,mail,opt,spool}
mkdir -pv /var/lib/{color,misc,locate}
ln -sfv /run /var/run
ln -sfv /run/lock /var/lock
install -dv -m 0750 /root
install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp
创建 /etc/mtab
ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab
创建 /etc/hosts
cat > /etc/hosts << EOF
127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)
::1 localhost
EOF
创建 /etc/passwd
cat > /etc/passwd << "EOF"
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false
uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
nobody:x:99:99:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false
EOF
创建 /etc/group
cat > /etc/group << "EOF"
root:x:0:
bin:x:1:daemon
sys:x:2:
kmem:x:3:
tape:x:4:
tty:x:5:
daemon:x:6:
floppy:x:7:
disk:x:8:
lp:x:9:
dialout:x:10:
audio:x:11:
video:x:12:
utmp:x:13:
usb:x:14:
cdrom:x:15:
adm:x:16:
messagebus:x:18:
input:x:24:
mail:x:34:
kvm:x:61:
uuidd:x:80:
wheel:x:97:
nogroup:x:99:
users:x:999:
EOF
创建 普通用户 ( 第八章尾删除 )
echo "tester:x:101:101::/home/tester:/bin/bash" >> /etc/passwd
echo "tester:x:101:" >> /etc/group
install -o tester -d /home/tester
打开一个新 shell
exec /usr/bin/bash --login
初始化日志文件
touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp}
chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog
chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp
安装目标系统的 Libstdc++
tar -xf gcc-11.2.0.tar.xz
pushd gcc-11.2.0
ln -s gthr-posix.h libgcc/gthr-default.h
mkdir -v build
pushd build
../libstdc++-v3/configure \
CXXFLAGS="-g -O2 -D_GNU_SOURCE" \
--prefix=/usr \
--disable-multilib \
--disable-nls \
--host=$(uname -m)-lfs-linux-gnu \
--disable-libstdcxx-pch
export MAKEFLAGS=-j$(nproc)
make
make install
popd
popd
rm -rf gcc-11.2.0
安装 Gettext
tar -xf gettext-0.21.tar.xz
pushd gettext-0.21
./configure --disable-shared
make
cp -v gettext-tools/src/{msgfmt,msgmerge,xgettext} /usr/bin
popd
rm -rf gettext-0.21
安装 Bison
tar -xf bison-3.8.2.tar.xz
pushd bison-3.8.2
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/bison-3.8.2
make
make install
popd
rm -rf bison-3.8.2
安装 Perl
tar -xf perl-5.34.0.tar.xz
pushd perl-5.34.0
sh Configure -des \
-Dprefix=/usr \
-Dvendorprefix=/usr \
-Dprivlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.34/core_perl \
-Darchlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.34/core_perl \
-Dsitelib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.34/site_perl \
-Dsitearch=/usr/lib/perl5/5.34/site_perl \
-Dvendorlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.34/vendor_perl \
-Dvendorarch=/usr/lib/perl5/5.34/vendor_perl
make
make install
popd
rm -rf perl-5.34.0
安装 Python
tar -xf Python-3.10.2.tar.xz
pushd Python-3.10.2
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--enable-shared \
--without-ensurepip
make
make install
popd
rm -rf Python-3.10.2
安装 Texinfo
tar -xf texinfo-6.8.tar.xz
pushd texinfo-6.8
sed -e 's/__attribute_nonnull__/__nonnull/' \
-i gnulib/lib/malloc/dynarray-skeleton.c
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make install
popd
rm -rf texinfo-6.8
安装 Util-linux
tar -xf util-linux-2.37.4.tar.xz
pushd util-linux-2.37.4
mkdir -pv /var/lib/hwclock
./configure ADJTIME_PATH=/var/lib/hwclock/adjtime \
--libdir=/usr/lib \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/util-linux-2.37.4 \
--disable-chfn-chsh \
--disable-login \
--disable-nologin \
--disable-su \
--disable-setpriv \
--disable-runuser \
--disable-pylibmount \
--disable-static \
--without-python \
runstatedir=/run
make
make install
popd
rm -rf util-linux-2.37.4
清理和备份临时系统
rm -rf /usr/share/{info,man,doc}/*
find /usr/{lib,libexec} -name \*.la -delete
rm -rf /tools
备份
exit
umount $LFS/dev/pts
umount $LFS/{sys,proc,run,dev}
cd $LFS
tar -cvpf - .| xz -T 0 -c > $HOME/lfs-temp-tools-11.1.tar.xz
还原
cd $LFS
rm -rf ./*
tar -xpf $HOME/lfs-temp-tools-11.1.tar.xz
安装基本系统软件
进入 chroot
mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev
mount -v --bind /dev/pts $LFS/dev/pts
mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
mount -vt tmpfs tmpfs $LFS/run
if [ -h $LFS/dev/shm ]; then
mkdir -pv $LFS/$(readlink $LFS/dev/shm)
fi
chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root \
TERM="$TERM" \
PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \
/bin/bash --login
cd sources
安装 Man-pages
tar -xf man-pages-5.13.tar.xz
pushd man-pages-5.13
make prefix=/usr install
popd
rm -rf man-pages-5.13
安装 Iana-Etc
tar -xf iana-etc-20220207.tar.gz
pushd iana-etc-20220207
cp services protocols /etc
popd
rm -rf iana-etc-20220207
安装 Glibc
tar -xf glibc-2.35.tar.xz
pushd glibc-2.35
patch -Np1 -i ../glibc-2.35-fhs-1.patch
mkdir -v build
pushd build
echo "rootsbindir=/usr/sbin" > configparms
export MAKEFLAGS=-j$(nproc)
../configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-werror \
--enable-kernel=3.2 \
--enable-stack-protector=strong \
--with-headers=/usr/include \
libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib
make
make check
touch /etc/ld.so.conf
# 跳过一个在 LFS 的不完整环境中会失败的完整性检查
sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile
make install
# 改正 ldd 脚本中硬编码的可执行文件加载器路径
sed '/RTLDLIST=/s@/usr@@g' -i /usr/bin/ldd
# 安装 nscd 的配置文件和运行时目录
cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd
# 安装一些 locale (最小集合)
mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
localedef -i en_GB -f ISO-8859-1 en_GB
localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
localedef -i es_ES -f ISO-8859-15 es_ES@euro
localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
localedef -i is_IS -f ISO-8859-1 is_IS
localedef -i is_IS -f UTF-8 is_IS.UTF-8
localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-15 it_IT@euro
localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true
localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
localedef -i nl_NL@euro -f ISO-8859-15 nl_NL@euro
localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
localedef -i se_NO -f UTF-8 se_NO.UTF-8
localedef -i ta_IN -f UTF-8 ta_IN.UTF-8
localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS
localedef -i zh_TW -f UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8
# 或者用下面命令安装全部
# make localedata/install-locales
# localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
# localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true
popd
popd
rm -rf glibc-2.35
配置 Glibc
创建 nsswitch.conf
cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
passwd: files
group: files
shadow: files
hosts: files dns
networks: files
protocols: files
services: files
ethers: files
rpc: files
# End /etc/nsswitch.conf
EOF
添加时区数据
mkdir build
pushd build
tar -xf ../tzdata2021e.tar.gz
ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
asia australasia backward; do
zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
done
cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
unset ZONEINFO
popd
rm -rf build
# tzselect # 确定本地时区
ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
配置动态加载器
cat > /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
/usr/local/lib
/opt/lib
EOF
# 使动态加载器可以搜索一个目录
cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
# Add an include directory
include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
EOF
mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d
安装 Zlib
tar -xf zlib-1.2.11.tar.xz
pushd zlib-1.2.11
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
rm -fv /usr/lib/libz.a
popd
rm -rf zlib-1.2.11
安装 Bzip2
tar -xf bzip2-1.0.8.tar.gz
pushd bzip2-1.0.8
patch -Np1 -i ../bzip2-1.0.8-install_docs-1.patch
# 保证安装的符号链接是相对的
sed -i 's@\(ln -s -f \)$(PREFIX)/bin/@\1@' Makefile
# 确保 man 页面被安装到正确位置
sed -i "s@(PREFIX)/man@(PREFIX)/share/man@g" Makefile
make -f Makefile-libbz2_so
make clean
make
make PREFIX=/usr install
cp -av libbz2.so.* /usr/lib
ln -sv libbz2.so.1.0.8 /usr/lib/libbz2.so
# 安装链接到共享库的 bzip2 二进制程序到 /bin 目录
cp -v bzip2-shared /usr/bin/bzip2
for i in /usr/bin/{bzcat,bunzip2}; do
ln -sfv bzip2 $i
done
rm -fv /usr/lib/libbz2.a
popd
rm -rf bzip2-1.0.8
安装 xz
tar -xf xz-5.2.5.tar.xz
pushd xz-5.2.5
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-static \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/xz-5.2.5
make
make check
make install
popd
rm -rf xz-5.2.5
安装 Zstd
tar -xf zstd-1.5.2.tar.gz
pushd zstd-1.5.2
make
make check
make prefix=/usr install
rm -v /usr/lib/libzstd.a
popd
rm -rf zstd-1.5.2
安装 File
tar -xf file-5.41.tar.gz
pushd file-5.41
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
popd
rm -rf file-5.41
安装 Readline
tar -xf readline-8.1.2.tar.gz
pushd readline-8.1.2
sed -i '/MV.*old/d' Makefile.in
sed -i '/{OLDSUFF}/c:' support/shlib-install
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-static \
--with-curses \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/readline-8.1.2
make SHLIB_LIBS="-lncursesw"
make SHLIB_LIBS="-lncursesw" install
install -v -m644 doc/*.{ps,pdf,html,dvi} /usr/share/doc/readline-8.1.2
popd
rm -rf readline-8.1.2
安装 M4
tar -xf m4-1.4.19.tar.xz
pushd m4-1.4.19
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
popd
rm -rf m4-1.4.19
安装 Bc
tar -xf bc-5.2.2.tar.xz
pushd bc-5.2.2
CC=gcc ./configure --prefix=/usr -G -O3
make
make test
make install
unset CC
popd
rm -rf bc-5.2.2
安装 Flex
tar -xf flex-2.6.4.tar.gz
pushd flex-2.6.4
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/flex-2.6.4 \
--disable-static
make
make check
make install
ln -sv flex /usr/bin/lex
popd
rm -rf flex-2.6.4
安装 Tcl
tar -xf tcl8.6.12-src.tar.gz
pushd tcl8.6.12
tar -xf ../tcl8.6.12-html.tar.gz --strip-components=1
SRCDIR=$(pwd)
cd unix
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--mandir=/usr/share/man \
$([ "$(uname -m)" = x86_64 ] && echo --enable-64bit)
make
sed -e "s|$SRCDIR/unix|/usr/lib|" \
-e "s|$SRCDIR|/usr/include|" \
-i tclConfig.sh
sed -e "s|$SRCDIR/unix/pkgs/tdbc1.1.3|/usr/lib/tdbc1.1.3|" \
-e "s|$SRCDIR/pkgs/tdbc1.1.3/generic|/usr/include|" \
-e "s|$SRCDIR/pkgs/tdbc1.1.3/library|/usr/lib/tcl8.6|" \
-e "s|$SRCDIR/pkgs/tdbc1.1.3|/usr/include|" \
-i pkgs/tdbc1.1.3/tdbcConfig.sh
sed -e "s|$SRCDIR/unix/pkgs/itcl4.2.2|/usr/lib/itcl4.2.2|" \
-e "s|$SRCDIR/pkgs/itcl4.2.2/generic|/usr/include|" \
-e "s|$SRCDIR/pkgs/itcl4.2.2|/usr/include|" \
-i pkgs/itcl4.2.2/itclConfig.sh
unset SRCDIR
make test
make install
chmod -v u+w /usr/lib/libtcl8.6.so
make install-private-headers
ln -sfv tclsh8.6 /usr/bin/tclsh
mv /usr/share/man/man3/{Thread,Tcl_Thread}.3
mkdir -v -p /usr/share/doc/tcl-8.6.12
cp -v -r ../html/* /usr/share/doc/tcl-8.6.12
popd
rm -rf tcl8.6.12
安装 Expect
tar -xf expect5.45.4.tar.gz
pushd expect5.45.4
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--with-tcl=/usr/lib \
--enable-shared \
--mandir=/usr/share/man \
--with-tclinclude=/usr/include
make
make test
make install
ln -svf expect5.45.4/libexpect5.45.4.so /usr/lib
popd
rm -rf expect5.45.4
安装 DejaGNU
tar -xf dejagnu-1.6.3.tar.gz
pushd dejagnu-1.6.3
mkdir -v build
cd build
../configure --prefix=/usr
makeinfo --html --no-split -o doc/dejagnu.html ../doc/dejagnu.texi
makeinfo --plaintext -o doc/dejagnu.txt ../doc/dejagnu.texi
make check
make install
install -v -dm755 /usr/share/doc/dejagnu-1.6.3
install -v -m644 doc/dejagnu.{html,txt} /usr/share/doc/dejagnu-1.6.3
popd
rm -rf dejagnu-1.6.3
安装 Binutils
tar -xf binutils-2.38.tar.xz
pushd binutils-2.38
expect -c "spawn ls"
# 应该输出: spawn ls
patch -Np1 -i ../binutils-2.38-lto_fix-1.patch
sed -e '/R_386_TLS_LE /i \ || (TYPE) == R_386_TLS_IE \\' \
-i ./bfd/elfxx-x86.h
mkdir -v build
pushd build
../configure --prefix=/usr \
--enable-gold \
--enable-ld=default \
--enable-plugins \
--enable-shared \
--disable-werror \
--enable-64-bit-bfd \
--with-system-zlib
make tooldir=/usr
make -k check
make tooldir=/usr install
rm -fv /usr/lib/lib{bfd,ctf,ctf-nobfd,opcodes}.a
popd
popd
rm -rf binutils-2.38
安装 GMP
tar -xf gmp-6.2.1.tar.xz
pushd gmp-6.2.1
# 生成通用库
cp -v configfsf.guess config.guess
cp -v configfsf.sub config.sub
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--enable-cxx \
--disable-static \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/gmp-6.2.1
make
make html
make check 2>&1 | tee gmp-check-log
awk '/# PASS:/{total+=$3} ; END{print total}' gmp-check-log
# 输出 197
make install
make install-html
popd
rm -rf gmp-6.2.1
安装 MPFR
tar -xf mpfr-4.1.0.tar.xz
pushd mpfr-4.1.0
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-static \
--enable-thread-safe \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/mpfr-4.1.0
make
make html
make check
make install
make install-html
popd
rm -rf mpfr-4.1.0
安装 MPC
tar -xf mpc-1.2.1.tar.gz
pushd mpc-1.2.1
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-static \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/mpc-1.2.1
make
make html
make check
make install
make install-html
popd
rm -rf mpc-1.2.1
安装 Attr
tar -xf attr-2.5.1.tar.gz
pushd attr-2.5.1
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-static \
--sysconfdir=/etc \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/attr-2.5.1
make
make check
make install
popd
rm -rf attr-2.5.1
安装 Acl
tar -xf acl-2.3.1.tar.xz
pushd acl-2.3.1
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-static \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/acl-2.3.1
make
make install
popd
rm -rf acl-2.3.1
安装 Libcap
tar -xf libcap-2.63.tar.xz
pushd libcap-2.63
# 防止静态库的安装
sed -i '/install -m.*STA/d' libcap/Makefile
make prefix=/usr lib=lib
make test
make prefix=/usr lib=lib install
popd
rm -rf libcap-2.63
安装 Shadow
tar -xf shadow-4.11.1.tar.xz
pushd shadow-4.11.1
sed -i 's/groups$(EXEEXT) //' src/Makefile.in
find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/groups\.1 / /' {} \;
find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/getspnam\.3 / /' {} \;
find man -name Makefile.in -exec sed -i 's/passwd\.5 / /' {} \;
sed -e 's:#ENCRYPT_METHOD DES:ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512:' \
-e 's:/var/spool/mail:/var/mail:' \
-e '/PATH=/{s@/sbin:@@;s@/bin:@@}' \
-i etc/login.defs
sed -i 's:DICTPATH.*:DICTPATH\t/lib/cracklib/pw_dict:' etc/login.defs
touch /usr/bin/passwd
./configure --sysconfdir=/etc \
--disable-static \
--with-group-name-max-length=32
make
make exec_prefix=/usr install
make -C man install-man
popd
rm -rf shadow-4.11.1
配置 Shadow
pwconv
grpconv
mkdir -p /etc/default
useradd -D --gid 999
sed -i '/MAIL/s/yes/no/' /etc/default/useradd
安装 GCC
tar -xf gcc-11.2.0.tar.xz
pushd gcc-11.2.0
sed -e '/static.*SIGSTKSZ/d' \
-e 's/return kAltStackSize/return SIGSTKSZ * 4/' \
-i libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_posix_libcdep.cpp
case $(uname -m) in
x86_64)
sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' \
-i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64
;;
esac
mkdir -v build
pushd build
../configure --prefix=/usr \
LD=ld \
--enable-languages=c,c++ \
--disable-multilib \
--disable-bootstrap \
--with-system-zlib
make
ulimit -s 32768
chown -Rv tester .
su tester -c "PATH=$PATH make -k check"
../contrib/test_summary
make install
rm -rf /usr/lib/gcc/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/11.2.0/include-fixed/bits/
chown -v -R root:root \
/usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/11.2.0/include{,-fixed}
ln -svr /usr/bin/cpp /usr/lib
ln -sfv ../../libexec/gcc/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/11.2.0/liblto_plugin.so \
/usr/lib/bfd-plugins/
echo 'int main(){}' > dummy.c
cc dummy.c -v -Wl,--verbose &> dummy.log
readelf -l a.out | grep ': /lib'
# 结果应该是: [Requesting program interpreter: /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]
grep -o '/usr/lib.*/crt[1in].*succeeded' dummy.log
# 应该输出:
# /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/11.2.0/../../../../lib/crt1.o succeeded
# /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/11.2.0/../../../../lib/crti.o succeeded
# /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/11.2.0/../../../../lib/crtn.o succeeded
grep -B4 '^ /usr/include' dummy.log
# 应当输出:
# #include <...> search starts here:
# /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/11.2.0/include
# /usr/local/include
# /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/11.2.0/include-fixed
# /usr/include
grep 'SEARCH.*/usr/lib' dummy.log |sed 's|; |\n|g'
# 应该输出:
# SEARCH_DIR("/usr/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/lib64")
# SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib64")
# SEARCH_DIR("/lib64")
# SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib64")
# SEARCH_DIR("/usr/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/lib")
# SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib")
# SEARCH_DIR("/lib")
# SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");
grep "/lib.*/libc.so.6 " dummy.log
# 应该输出: attempt to open /usr/lib/libc.so.6 succeeded
grep found dummy.log
# 应该输出: found ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 at /usr/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
rm -v dummy.c a.out dummy.log
mkdir -pv /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib
mv -v /usr/lib/*gdb.py /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib
popd
popd
rm -rf gcc-11.2.0
安装 Pkg-config
tar -xf pkg-config-0.29.2.tar.gz
pushd pkg-config-0.29.2
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--with-internal-glib \
--disable-host-tool \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/pkg-config-0.29.2
make
make check
make install
popd
rm -rf pkg-config-0.29.2
安装 Ncurses
tar -xf ncurses-6.3.tar.gz
pushd ncurses-6.3
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--mandir=/usr/share/man \
--with-shared \
--without-debug \
--without-normal \
--enable-pc-files \
--enable-widec \
--with-pkg-config-libdir=/usr/lib/pkgconfig
make
make DESTDIR=$PWD/dest install
install -vm755 dest/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.6.3 /usr/lib
rm -v dest/usr/lib/{libncursesw.so.6.3,libncurses++w.a}
cp -av dest/* /
# 许多程序仍然希望链接器能够找到非宽字符版本的 Ncurses 库
for lib in ncurses form panel menu ; do
rm -vf /usr/lib/lib${lib}.so
echo "INPUT(-l${lib}w)" > /usr/lib/lib${lib}.so
ln -sfv ${lib}w.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/${lib}.pc
done
# 确保那些在构建时寻找 -lcurses 的老式程序仍然能够构建
rm -vf /usr/lib/libcursesw.so
echo "INPUT(-lncursesw)" > /usr/lib/libcursesw.so
ln -sfv libncurses.so /usr/lib/libcurses.so
mkdir -pv /usr/share/doc/ncurses-6.3
cp -v -R doc/* /usr/share/doc/ncurses-6.3
# 创建非宽字符的 Ncurses 库
make distclean
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--with-shared \
--without-normal \
--without-debug \
--without-cxx-binding \
--with-abi-version=5
make sources libs
cp -av lib/lib*.so.5* /usr/lib
popd
rm -rf ncurses-6.3
安装 Sed
tar -xf sed-4.8.tar.xz
pushd sed-4.8
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make html
chown -Rv tester .
su tester -c "PATH=$PATH make check"
make install
install -d -m755 /usr/share/doc/sed-4.8
install -m644 doc/sed.html /usr/share/doc/sed-4.8
popd
rm -rf sed-4.8
安装 Psmisc
tar -xf psmisc-23.4.tar.xz
pushd psmisc-23.4
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make install
popd
rm -rf psmisc-23.4
安装 Gettext
tar -xf gettext-0.21.tar.xz
pushd gettext-0.21
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-static \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/gettext-0.21
make
make check
make install
chmod -v 0755 /usr/lib/preloadable_libintl.so
popd
rm -rf gettext-0.21
安装 Bison
tar -xf bison-3.8.2.tar.xz
pushd bison-3.8.2
./configure --prefix=/usr --docdir=/usr/share/doc/bison-3.8.2
make
make check
make install
popd
rm -rf bison-3.8.2
安装 Grep
tar -xf grep-3.7.tar.xz
pushd grep-3.7
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
popd
rm -rf grep-3.7
安装 Bash
tar -xf bash-5.1.16.tar.gz
cd bash-5.1.16
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/bash-5.1.16 \
--without-bash-malloc \
--with-installed-readline
make
chown -Rv tester .
su -s /usr/bin/expect tester << EOF
set timeout -1
spawn make tests
expect eof
lassign [wait] _ _ _ value
exit $value
EOF
unset timeout
make install
exec /usr/bin/bash --login
cd ..
rm -rf bash-5.1.16
安装 Libtool
tar -xf libtool-2.4.6.tar.xz
pushd libtool-2.4.6
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
rm -fv /usr/lib/libltdl.a
popd
rm -rf libtool-2.4.6
安装 GDBM
tar -xf gdbm-1.23.tar.gz
cd gdbm-1.23
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-static \
--enable-libgdbm-compat
make
make check
make install
cd ..
rm -rf gdbm-1.23
安装 Gperf
tar -xf gperf-3.1.tar.gz
cd gperf-3.1
./configure --prefix=/usr --docdir=/usr/share/doc/gperf-3.1
make -j1 check
make install
cd ..
rm -rf gperf-3.1
安装 Expat
tar -xf expat-2.4.6.tar.xz
cd expat-2.4.6
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-static \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/expat-2.4.6
make
make check
make install
install -v -m644 doc/*.{html,css} /usr/share/doc/expat-2.4.6
cd ..
rm -rf expat-2.4.6
安装 Inetutils
tar -xf inetutils-2.2.tar.xz
cd inetutils-2.2
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--bindir=/usr/bin \
--localstatedir=/var \
--disable-logger \
--disable-whois \
--disable-rcp \
--disable-rexec \
--disable-rlogin \
--disable-rsh \
--disable-servers
make
make check
make install
mv -v /usr/{,s}bin/ifconfig
cd ..
rm -rf inetutils-2.2
安装 Less
tar -xf less-590.tar.gz
cd less-590
./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf less-590
安装 Perl
tar -xf perl-5.34.0.tar.xz
cd perl-5.34.0
patch -Np1 -i ../perl-5.34.0-upstream_fixes-1.patch
export BUILD_ZLIB=False
export BUILD_BZIP2=0
sh Configure -des \
-Dprefix=/usr \
-Dvendorprefix=/usr \
-Dprivlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.34/core_perl \
-Darchlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.34/core_perl \
-Dsitelib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.34/site_perl \
-Dsitearch=/usr/lib/perl5/5.34/site_perl \
-Dvendorlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.34/vendor_perl \
-Dvendorarch=/usr/lib/perl5/5.34/vendor_perl \
-Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1 \
-Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3 \
-Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR" \
-Duseshrplib \
-Dusethreads
make
make test
make install
unset BUILD_ZLIB BUILD_BZIP2
cd ..
rm -rf perl-5.34.0
安装 XML::Parser
tar -xf XML-Parser-2.46.tar.gz
cd XML-Parser-2.46
perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
make install
cd ..
rm -rf XML-Parser-2.46
安装 Intltool
tar -xf intltool-0.51.0.tar.gz
cd intltool-0.51.0
# 修复由 perl-5.22 及更新版本导致的警告
sed -i 's:\\\${:\\\$\\{:' intltool-update.in
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
install -v -Dm644 doc/I18N-HOWTO /usr/share/doc/intltool-0.51.0/I18N-HOWTO
cd ..
rm -rf intltool-0.51.0
安装 Autoconf
tar -xf autoconf-2.71.tar.xz
cd autoconf-2.71
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
cd ..
rm -rf autoconf-2.71
安装 Automake
tar -xf automake-1.16.5.tar.xz
cd automake-1.16.5
./configure --prefix=/usr --docdir=/usr/share/doc/automake-1.16.5
make
make -j4 check
make install
cd ..
rm -rf automake-1.16.5
安装 OpenSSL
tar -xf openssl-3.0.1.tar.gz
cd openssl-3.0.1
./config --prefix=/usr \
--openssldir=/etc/ssl \
--libdir=lib \
shared \
zlib-dynamic
make
make test
sed -i '/INSTALL_LIBS/s/libcrypto.a libssl.a//' Makefile
make MANSUFFIX=ssl install
mv -v /usr/share/doc/openssl /usr/share/doc/openssl-3.0.1
cp -vfr doc/* /usr/share/doc/openssl-3.0.1
cd ..
rm -rf openssl-3.0.1
安装 Kmod
tar -xf kmod-29.tar.xz
cd kmod-29
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--sysconfdir=/etc \
--with-openssl \
--with-xz \
--with-zstd \
--with-zlib
make
make install
for target in depmod insmod modinfo modprobe rmmod; do
ln -sfv ../bin/kmod /usr/sbin/$target
done
ln -sfv kmod /usr/bin/lsmod
cd ..
rm -rf kmod-29
安装 Libelf (elfutils)
tar -xf elfutils-0.186.tar.bz2
cd elfutils-0.186
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-debuginfod \
--enable-libdebuginfod=dummy
make
make check
# 只安装 Libelf
make -C libelf install
install -vm644 config/libelf.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig
rm /usr/lib/libelf.a
cd ..
rm -rf elfutils-0.186
安装 Libffi
tar -xf libffi-3.4.2.tar.gz
cd libffi-3.4.2
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-static \
--with-gcc-arch=native \
--disable-exec-static-tramp
make
make check
make install
cd ..
rm -rf libffi-3.4.2
安装 Python 3
tar -xf Python-3.10.2.tar.xz
cd Python-3.10.2
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--enable-shared \
--with-system-expat \
--with-system-ffi \
--with-ensurepip=yes \
--enable-optimizations
make
make install
install -v -dm755 /usr/share/doc/python-3.10.2/html
tar --strip-components=1 \
--no-same-owner \
--no-same-permissions \
-C /usr/share/doc/python-3.10.2/html \
-xvf ../python-3.10.2-docs-html.tar.bz2
cd ..
rm -rf Python-3.10.2
安装 Ninja
tar -xf ninja-1.10.2.tar.gz
cd ninja-1.10.2
# export NINJAJOBS=4
# 使 Ninja 能够使用环境变量 NINJAJOBS
sed -i '/int Guess/a \
int j = 0;\
char* jobs = getenv( "NINJAJOBS" );\
if ( jobs != NULL ) j = atoi( jobs );\
if ( j > 0 ) return j;\
' src/ninja.cc
python3 configure.py --bootstrap
./ninja ninja_test
./ninja_test --gtest_filter=-SubprocessTest.SetWithLots
install -vm755 ninja /usr/bin/
install -vDm644 misc/bash-completion /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/ninja
install -vDm644 misc/zsh-completion /usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_ninja
cd ..
rm -rf ninja-1.10.2
安装 Meson
tar -xf meson-0.61.1.tar.gz
cd meson-0.61.1
python3 setup.py build
python3 setup.py install --root=dest
cp -rv dest/* /
install -vDm644 data/shell-completions/bash/meson /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/meson
install -vDm644 data/shell-completions/zsh/_meson /usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_meson
cd ..
rm -rf meson-0.61.1
安装 Coreutils
tar -xf coreutils-9.0.tar.xz
cd coreutils-9.0
patch -Np1 -i ../coreutils-9.0-i18n-1.patch
patch -Np1 -i ../coreutils-9.0-chmod_fix-1.patch
autoreconf -fiv
FORCE_UNSAFE_CONFIGURE=1 ./configure \
--prefix=/usr \
--enable-no-install-program=kill,uptime
make
make NON_ROOT_USERNAME=tester check-root
echo "dummy:x:102:tester" >> /etc/group
chown -Rv tester .
su tester -c "PATH=$PATH make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check"
sed -i '/dummy/d' /etc/group
make install
mv -v /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin
mv -v /usr/share/man/man1/chroot.1 /usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8
sed -i 's/"1"/"8"/' /usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8
cd ..
rm -rf coreutils-9.0
安装 Check
tar -xf check-0.15.2.tar.gz
cd check-0.15.2
./configure --prefix=/usr --disable-static
make
make check
make docdir=/usr/share/doc/check-0.15.2 install
cd ..
rm -rf check-0.15.2
安装 Diffutils
tar -xf diffutils-3.8.tar.xz
cd diffutils-3.8
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
cd ..
rm -rf diffutils-3.8
安装 Gawk
tar -xf gawk-5.1.1.tar.xz
cd gawk-5.1.1
sed -i 's/extras//' Makefile.in
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
mkdir -pv /usr/share/doc/gawk-5.1.1
cp -v doc/{awkforai.txt,*.{eps,pdf,jpg}} /usr/share/doc/gawk-5.1.1
cd ..
rm -rf gawk-5.1.1
安装 Findutils
tar -xf findutils-4.9.0.tar.xz
cd findutils-4.9.0
case $(uname -m) in
i?86) TIME_T_32_BIT_OK=yes ./configure --prefix=/usr --localstatedir=/var/lib/locate ;;
x86_64) ./configure --prefix=/usr --localstatedir=/var/lib/locate ;;
esac
make
chown -Rv tester .
su tester -c "PATH=$PATH make check"
make install
cd ..
rm -rf findutils-4.9.0
安装 Groff
tar -xf groff-1.22.4.tar.gz
cd groff-1.22.4
PAGE=A4 ./configure --prefix=/usr
make -j1
make install
unset PAGE
cd ..
rm -rf groff-1.22.4
安装 GRUB
tar -xf grub-2.06.tar.xz
cd grub-2.06
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--sysconfdir=/etc \
--disable-efiemu \
--disable-werror
make
make install
mv -v /etc/bash_completion.d/grub /usr/share/bash-completion/completions
cd ..
rm -rf grub-2.06
安装 Gzip
tar -xf gzip-1.11.tar.xz
cd gzip-1.11
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
cd ..
rm -rf gzip-1.11
安装 IPRoute2
tar -xf iproute2-5.16.0.tar.xz
cd iproute2-5.16.0
sed -i /ARPD/d Makefile
rm -fv man/man8/arpd.8
make
make SBINDIR=/usr/sbin install
mkdir -pv /usr/share/doc/iproute2-5.16.0
cp -v COPYING README* /usr/share/doc/iproute2-5.16.0
cd ..
rm -rf iproute2-5.16.0
安装 Kbd
tar -xf kbd-2.4.0.tar.xz
cd kbd-2.4.0
patch -Np1 -i ../kbd-2.4.0-backspace-1.patch
sed -i '/RESIZECONS_PROGS=/s/yes/no/' configure
sed -i 's/resizecons.8 //' docs/man/man8/Makefile.in
./configure --prefix=/usr --disable-vlock
make
make check
make install
mkdir -pv /usr/share/doc/kbd-2.4.0
cp -R -v docs/doc/* /usr/share/doc/kbd-2.4.0
cd ..
rm -rf kbd-2.4.0
安装 Libpipeline
tar -xf libpipeline-1.5.5.tar.gz
cd libpipeline-1.5.5
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
cd ..
rm -rf libpipeline-1.5.5
安装 Make
tar -xf make-4.3.tar.gz
cd make-4.3
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
cd ..
rm -rf make-4.3
安装 Patch
tar -xf patch-2.7.6.tar.xz
cd patch-2.7.6
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
cd ..
rm -rf patch-2.7.6
安装 Tar
tar -xf tar-1.34.tar.xz
cd tar-1.34
FORCE_UNSAFE_CONFIGURE=1 \
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make check
make install
make -C doc install-html docdir=/usr/share/doc/tar-1.34
unset FORCE_UNSAFE_CONFIGURE
cd ..
rm -rf tar-1.34
安装 Texinfo
tar -xf texinfo-6.8.tar.xz
cd texinfo-6.8
./configure --prefix=/usr
sed -e 's/__attribute_nonnull__/__nonnull/' \
-i gnulib/lib/malloc/dynarray-skeleton.c
make
make check
make install
make TEXMF=/usr/share/texmf install-tex
pushd /usr/share/info
rm -v dir
for f in *
do install-info $f dir 2>/dev/null
done
popd
unset TEXMF
cd ..
rm -rf texinfo-6.8
安装 Vim
tar -xf vim-8.2.4383.tar.gz
cd vim-8.2.4383
echo '#define SYS_VIMRC_FILE "/etc/vimrc"' >> src/feature.h
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
chown -Rv tester .
su tester -c "LANG=en_US.UTF-8 make -j1 test" &> vim-test.log
make install
ln -sv vim /usr/bin/vi
for L in /usr/share/man/{,*/}man1/vim.1; do
ln -sv vim.1 $(dirname $L)/vi.1
done
ln -sv ../vim/vim82/doc /usr/share/doc/vim-8.2.4383
cd ..
rm -rf vim-8.2.4383
配置 Vim
cat > /etc/vimrc << "EOF"
" Begin /etc/vimrc
" Ensure defaults are set before customizing settings, not after
source $VIMRUNTIME/defaults.vim
let skip_defaults_vim=1
set nocompatible
set backspace=2
set mouse=
syntax on
if (&term == "xterm") || (&term == "putty")
set background=dark
endif
" End /etc/vimrc
EOF
# 其他可用选项的文档可以通过执行以下命令获得
# vim -c ':options'
安装 Eudev
tar -xf eudev-3.2.11.tar.gz
cd eudev-3.2.11
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--bindir=/usr/sbin \
--sysconfdir=/etc \
--enable-manpages \
--disable-static
make
mkdir -pv /usr/lib/udev/rules.d
mkdir -pv /etc/udev/rules.d
make check
make install
tar -xvf ../udev-lfs-20171102.tar.xz
make -f udev-lfs-20171102/Makefile.lfs install
udevadm hwdb --update
cd ..
rm -rf eudev-3.2.11
安装 Man-DB
tar -xf man-db-2.10.1.tar.xz
cd man-db-2.10.1
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/man-db-2.10.1 \
--sysconfdir=/etc \
--disable-setuid \
--enable-cache-owner=bin \
--with-browser=/usr/bin/lynx \
--with-vgrind=/usr/bin/vgrind \
--with-grap=/usr/bin/grap \
--with-systemdtmpfilesdir= \
--with-systemdsystemunitdir=
make
make check
make install
cd ..
rm -rf man-db-2.10.1
安装 Procps-ng
tar -xf procps-ng-3.3.17.tar.xz
cd procps-3.3.17
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/procps-ng-3.3.17 \
--disable-static \
--disable-kill
make
make check
make install
cd ..
rm -rf procps-3.3.17
安装 Util-linux
tar -xf util-linux-2.37.4.tar.xz
cd util-linux-2.37.4
mkdir -pv /var/lib/hwclock
./configure ADJTIME_PATH=/var/lib/hwclock/adjtime \
--bindir=/usr/bin \
--libdir=/usr/lib \
--sbindir=/usr/sbin \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/util-linux-2.37.4 \
--disable-chfn-chsh \
--disable-login \
--disable-nologin \
--disable-su \
--disable-setpriv \
--disable-runuser \
--disable-pylibmount \
--disable-static \
--without-python \
--without-systemd \
--without-systemdsystemunitdir
make
rm tests/ts/lsns/ioctl_ns
chown -Rv tester .
su tester -c "make -k check"
make install
cd ..
rm -rf util-linux-2.37.4
安装 E2fsprogs
tar -xf e2fsprogs-1.46.5.tar.gz
cd e2fsprogs-1.46.5
mkdir -v build
cd build
../configure --prefix=/usr \
--sysconfdir=/etc \
--enable-elf-shlibs \
--disable-libblkid \
--disable-libuuid \
--disable-uuidd \
--disable-fsck
make
make check
make install
rm -fv /usr/lib/{libcom_err,libe2p,libext2fs,libss}.a
gunzip -v /usr/share/info/libext2fs.info.gz
install-info --dir-file=/usr/share/info/dir /usr/share/info/libext2fs.info
makeinfo -o doc/com_err.info ../lib/et/com_err.texinfo
install -v -m644 doc/com_err.info /usr/share/info
install-info --dir-file=/usr/share/info/dir /usr/share/info/com_err.info
cd ../..
rm -rf e2fsprogs-1.46.5
安装 Sysklogd
tar -xf sysklogd-1.5.1.tar.gz
cd sysklogd-1.5.1
sed -i '/Error loading kernel symbols/{n;n;d}' ksym_mod.c
sed -i 's/union wait/int/' syslogd.c
make
make BINDIR=/sbin install
# 配置 Sysklogd
cat > /etc/syslog.conf << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/syslog.conf
auth,authpriv.* -/var/log/auth.log
*.*;auth,authpriv.none -/var/log/sys.log
daemon.* -/var/log/daemon.log
kern.* -/var/log/kern.log
mail.* -/var/log/mail.log
user.* -/var/log/user.log
*.emerg *
# End /etc/syslog.conf
EOF
cd ..
rm -rf sysklogd-1.5.1
安装 Sysvinit
tar -xf sysvinit-3.01.tar.xz
cd sysvinit-3.01
patch -Np1 -i ../sysvinit-3.01-consolidated-1.patch
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf sysvinit-3.01
移除调试符号
save_usrlib="$(cd /usr/lib; ls ld-linux*)
libc.so.6
libthread_db.so.1
libquadmath.so.0.0.0
libstdc++.so.6.0.29
libitm.so.1.0.0
libatomic.so.1.2.0"
cd /usr/lib
for LIB in $save_usrlib; do
objcopy --only-keep-debug $LIB $LIB.dbg
cp $LIB /tmp/$LIB
strip --strip-unneeded /tmp/$LIB
objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink=$LIB.dbg /tmp/$LIB
install -vm755 /tmp/$LIB /usr/lib
rm /tmp/$LIB
done
online_usrbin="bash find strip"
online_usrlib="libbfd-2.38.so
libhistory.so.8.1
libncursesw.so.6.3
libm.so.6
libreadline.so.8.1
libz.so.1.2.11
$(cd /usr/lib; find libnss*.so* -type f)"
for BIN in $online_usrbin; do
cp /usr/bin/$BIN /tmp/$BIN
strip --strip-unneeded /tmp/$BIN
install -vm755 /tmp/$BIN /usr/bin
rm /tmp/$BIN
done
for LIB in $online_usrlib; do
cp /usr/lib/$LIB /tmp/$LIB
strip --strip-unneeded /tmp/$LIB
install -vm755 /tmp/$LIB /usr/lib
rm /tmp/$LIB
done
for i in $(find /usr/lib -type f -name \*.so* ! -name \*dbg) \
$(find /usr/lib -type f -name \*.a) \
$(find /usr/{bin,sbin,libexec} -type f); do
case "$online_usrbin $online_usrlib $save_usrlib" in
*$(basename $i)* )
;;
* ) strip --strip-unneeded $i
;;
esac
done
unset BIN LIB save_usrlib online_usrbin online_usrlib
清理系统
rm -rf /tmp/*
find /usr/lib /usr/libexec -name \*.la -delete
find /usr -depth -name $(uname -m)-lfs-linux-gnu\* | xargs rm -rf
userdel -r tester
安装 LFS-Bootscripts
cd /sources
tar -xf lfs-bootscripts-20210608.tar.xz
cd lfs-bootscripts-20210608
make install
cd ..
rm -rf lfs-bootscripts-20210608
创建自定义 Udev 规则
bash /usr/lib/udev/init-net-rules.sh
cat /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
# 某些情况下，例如 MAC 地址被手动指定给了某块网卡，或在 Qemu、Xen 等虚拟环境下，可能不会生成网络设备规则文件，因为 MAC 地址的分配没有一致性。此时不能使用本方法。
一般网络配置
cd /etc/sysconfig/
cat > ifconfig.eth0 << "EOF"
ONBOOT=yes
IFACE=eth0
SERVICE=ipv4-static
IP=192.168.120.221
GATEWAY=192.168.120.2
PREFIX=24
BROADCAST=192.168.120.255
EOF
cat > /etc/resolv.conf << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/resolv.conf
# domain <您的域名>
nameserver 1.2.4.8
nameserver 119.29.29.29
# End /etc/resolv.conf
EOF
echo "lfs" > /etc/hostname
cat > /etc/hosts << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
127.0.1.1 lfs lfs
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
# End /etc/hosts
EOF
System V 引导脚本使用与配置
# 配置 Sysvinit
cat > /etc/inittab << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/inittab
id:3:initdefault:
si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc S
l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 0
l1:S1:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 1
l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 2
l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 3
l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 4
l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 5
l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 6
ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
su:S016:once:/sbin/sulogin
1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty --noclear tty1 9600
2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty2 9600
3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty3 9600
4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty4 9600
5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty5 9600
6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty6 9600
# End /etc/inittab
EOF
配置系统时钟
cat > /etc/sysconfig/clock << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/sysconfig/clock
UTC=1
# Set this to any options you might need to give to hwclock,
# such as machine hardware clock type for Alphas.
CLOCKPARAMS=
# End /etc/sysconfig/clock
EOF
配置 Linux 控制台
cat > /etc/sysconfig/console << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/sysconfig/console
# End /etc/sysconfig/console
EOF
Bash Shell 启动文件
LC_ALL=C.utf8 locale charmap
cat > /etc/profile << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/profile
export LANG=C.utf8
# End /etc/profile
EOF
创建 /etc/inputrc 文件
cat > /etc/inputrc << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/inputrc
# Modified by Chris Lynn <[email protected]>
# Allow the command prompt to wrap to the next line
set horizontal-scroll-mode Off
# Enable 8bit input
set meta-flag On
set input-meta On
# Turns off 8th bit stripping
set convert-meta Off
# Keep the 8th bit for display
set output-meta On
# none, visible or audible
set bell-style none
# All of the following map the escape sequence of the value
# contained in the 1st argument to the readline specific functions
"\eOd": backward-word
"\eOc": forward-word
# for linux console
"\e[1~": beginning-of-line
"\e[4~": end-of-line
"\e[5~": beginning-of-history
"\e[6~": end-of-history
"\e[3~": delete-char
"\e[2~": quoted-insert
# for xterm
"\eOH": beginning-of-line
"\eOF": end-of-line
# for Konsole
"\e[H": beginning-of-line
"\e[F": end-of-line
# End /etc/inputrc
EOF
创建 /etc/shells 文件
cat > /etc/shells << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/shells
/bin/sh
/bin/bash
# End /etc/shells
EOF
创建 /etc/fstab
cat > /etc/fstab << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/fstab
# 文件系统 挂载点 类型 选项 转储 检查
# 顺序
/dev/sdb3 / ext4 defaults 1 1
# /dev/<yyy> swap swap pri=1 0 0
proc /proc proc nosuid,noexec,nodev 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs nosuid,noexec,nodev 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
tmpfs /run tmpfs defaults 0 0
devtmpfs /dev devtmpfs mode=0755,nosuid 0 0
# End /etc/fstab
EOF
安装内核
tar -xf linux-5.16.9.tar.xz
cd linux-5.16.9
make mrproper
make defconfig
# make x86_64_defconfig
cat >> .config << "EOF"
CONFIG_FHANDLE=y
CONFIG_CGROUPS=y
CONFIG_SECCOMP=y
CONFIG_IPV6=y
CONFIG_DEVTMPFS=y
CONFIG_DMIID=y
ONFIG_INOTIFY_USER=y
CONFIG_AUTOFS4_FS=y
CONFIG_TMPFS_POSIX_ACL=y
CONFIG_TMPFS_XATTR=y
CONFIG_FUSION=y
CONFIG_FUSION_SPI=y
CONFIG_FUSION_SAS=y
CONFIG_FUSION_MAX_SGE=y
CONFIG_FUSION_CTL=y
CONFIG_FUSION_LOGGING=y
CONFIG_VMWARE_BALLOON=y
CONFIG_VMWARE_PVSCSI=y
CONFIG_HYPERVISOR_GUEST=Y
EOF
make
make modules_install
mount /dev/sdb2 /boot
cp -iv arch/x86/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-5.16.9-lfs-11.1
cp -iv System.map /boot/System.map-5.16.9
cp -iv .config /boot/config-5.16.9
install -d /usr/share/doc/linux-5.16.9
cp -r Documentation/* /usr/share/doc/linux-5.16.9
install -v -m755 -d /etc/modprobe.d
cat > /etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf
install ohci_hcd /sbin/modprobe ehci_hcd ; /sbin/modprobe -i ohci_hcd ; true
install uhci_hcd /sbin/modprobe ehci_hcd ; /sbin/modprobe -i uhci_hcd ; true
# End /etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf
EOF
cd ..
安装 libisoburn (不必要)
exit
wget https://files.libburnia-project.org/releases/libisoburn-1.5.4.tar.gz --directory-prefix=$LFS/sources
wget https://files.libburnia-project.org/releases/libburn-1.5.4.tar.gz --directory-prefix=$LFS/sources
wget https://files.libburnia-project.org/releases/libisofs-1.5.4.tar.gz --directory-prefix=$LFS/sources
chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root \
TERM="$TERM" \
PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \
/bin/bash --login
cd /sources
tar -xf libburn-1.5.4.tar.gz
cd libburn-1.5.4
./configure --prefix=/usr --disable-static &&
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf libburn-1.5.4
tar -xf libisofs-1.5.4.tar.gz
cd libisofs-1.5.4
./configure --prefix=/usr --disable-static &&
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf libisofs-1.5.4
tar -xf libisoburn-1.5.4.tar.gz
cd libisoburn-1.5.4
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--disable-static \
--enable-pkg-check-modules &&
make
make install
cd ..
rm -rf libisoburn-1.5.4
使用 GRUB 设定引导过程
cd /tmp
grub-mkrescue --output=grub-img.iso
# xorriso -as cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrw blank=as_needed grub-img.iso
grub-install /dev/sdb
cat > /boot/grub/grub.cfg << "EOF"
# Begin /boot/grub/grub.cfg
set default=0
set timeout=5
insmod ext4
set root=(hd1,2)
menuentry "GNU/Linux, Linux 5.16.9-lfs-11.1" {
linux /vmlinuz-5.16.9-lfs-11.1 root=/dev/sda2 ro
}
EOF
创建 /etc/lfs-release
echo 11.1 > /etc/lfs-release
cat > /etc/lsb-release << "EOF"
DISTRIB_ID="Linux From Scratch"
DISTRIB_RELEASE="11.1"
DISTRIB_CODENAME="<your name here>"
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Linux From Scratch"
EOF